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The person(s) on whose behalf the firm is providing a service.
In terms of conduct, duties are owed to clients of the firm and this may sometimes include former and prospective clients. A client is not necessarily the same person as the individual paying for the legal services.
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²Ñ¾±³Ù¾±²µ²¹³Ù¾±´Ç²Ô—c³ó±ð³¦°ì±ô¾±²õ³Ù How a sentence is reached When determining a sentence, a court will usually consider any statutory sentencing range, the applicable Sentencing Council (SC) guidelines including any offence specific sentencing guideline, the overarching guidelines and sentencing judgments from the Court of Appeal. The SC’s offence specific guidelines or the general guideline set out a stepped approach which the court must follow. See Practice Notes: Sentences imposed following conviction and Sentencing Council General Guideline—Overarching Principles. Generally, in sentencing exercises the court will need to consider the following: • the relevant starting point in the Sentencing Guidelines • the aggravating factors of the offence • the mitigation and personal circumstances of the defendant • any reduction in sentence for a guilty plea • whether the offender is dangerous and if there is a significant risk of harm through the commission of further specified offences • any ancillary orders that are appropriate • the totality of the sentence to ensure it is proportionate to the offending behaviour Mitigation The...
Case management in the magistrates’ court—checklist This Checklist should be read in conjunction with Practice Note: Case management in the magistrates’ courts. Prior to getting to court Note that certain criminal cases are managed via Common Platform (the digital case management system for the magistrates’ court). In these cases, the Initial Details of the Prosecution Case (IDPC) and other case material will be served and accessed online through Common Platform. Case progression, including completing the Preparation for Effective Trial form (PET form) and serving any applications, will also be conducted through Common Platform. For more information, see Practice Note: How to use Common Platform and the Digital Case System. Requesting the Initial Details of the Prosecution Case • defence advocates should obtain the Initial Details of the Prosecution Case (IDPC) by emailing, telephoning or writing to the relevant contact at the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS). The contact details are published on the website for the relevant district of the CPS. The following information is usually required for IDPC requests: ◦...
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Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975 applicant—flowchart This flowchart deals with the classes of applicants that may make a claim for reasonable provision from the deceased’s estate under the Inheritance (Provision for Family and
Improving efficiency—flowchart This flowchart sets out the steps to take when improving a process within your firm and identifies Precedents for each step. Note 1 You could do this by: • identifying where there is waste in a process—see Precedent: Identifying waste questionnaire, and/or • looking at a process from your clients’ perspective—see Precedents: ◦ Improving efficiency—Voice of the Client (VOC)—blank ◦ Improving efficiency—Voice of the Client (VOC)—worked example Note 2 You could do this by: • mapping the process—see Precedent: Process map—worked example • identifying who does what in that process—see Precedents: ◦ Identifying who does what in a process (RACI framework)—blank ◦ Identifying who does what in a process (RACI framework)—worked example, and • collecting data—see Precedent: Simple check
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Client care is about providing a proper standard of service to your client. Chapter 1 of the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) Code of Conduct 2011 sets out your regulatory obligations.There is no regulatory requirement to have a written client care policy, except in relation to complaints, but as you may have to justify your client care arrangements to the SRA, you should ensure you maintain a proper record of the arrangements you have and be able to show they are appropriate.This Practice Note explains the regulatory requirements on client care. For more on complaints, see Practice Note: Complaints—regulatory requirements—law firms 2011 [Archived].The requirementsYou must:•act with integrity•not allow your independence to be compromised•act in the best interests of each client•provide a proper standard of service to your clients•behave in a way that maintains public trust•comply with your legal and regulatory obligationsThe information you provide to clients and the procedures you put in place will vary depending on the needs and circumstances of your clients and the services you provide. For example,...
Applying to naturalise as a British citizen: eligibility Naturalisation is the most common way for adults to acquire British citizenship. The naturalisation route to British citizenship enables adults who do not fulfil automatic registration criteria but who have lived in the UK for specified periods to apply to become a British citizen. A person who becomes a British citizen through naturalisation is considered a British citizen otherwise than by descent. The current legal framework governing the criteria under which an application for naturalisation can be made is set out in the British Nationality Act 1981 (BNA 1981). BNA 1981, s 6 and Sch 1 set out a series of requirements, some of which are compulsory and others of which are subject to an exercise of discretion on the part of the Secretary of State for the Home Department (SSHD) to disregard. The requirements for naturalisation are different for an applicant who is married to, or in a civil partnership with, a British citizen, or who is...
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Conflicts guidelines—property transactions Our Conflicts, confidentiality and disclosure policy sets out our general position on when we can act in conflict situations. We also issue guidelines for certain [departments OR types of work]. These guidelines illustrate how our policy could apply in different situations, but they are not intended to be exhaustive or rigid. In each situation covered by these guidelines we must consider whether a conflict arises and, if so, whether we can act. 1 Substantially common interest 1.1 We will not act for clients under the substantially common interest exception where: 1.1.1 we may need to negotiate on matters of substance between the clients, eg negotiating on price between a buyer and seller of a property 1.1.2 there is unequal bargaining power between the clients, eg where a builder is selling to a non-commercial client 1.1.3 one or both clients will be prejudiced by lack of separate representation 1.1.4 we cannot represent the client even-handedly, or 1.1.5 the clients’ interests in the end...
Legal rights intimation letter Our ref: [Client - Code/Matter - Matter Code/Matter - Fee Earner Initials] Your ref: [insert ref] [insert full address] [insert date] Dear [insert name] Estate of the late [name of deceased] We are instructed in the administration of the estate of your late [mother OR father OR grandmother OR grandfather]. We act on behalf of the executor(s) who are [insert name] and [insert name], appointed by a Will dated [insert date]. You are not named as a beneficiary in the Will. However, the law of Scotland allows certain family members to make a claim on the estate, whether or not the individual concerned is named as a beneficiary in the Will. This entitlement is known as legal rights. [Where the person who has died is survived by a [widow OR widower OR civil partner] the legal rights fund which can be claimed by the deceased’s children amounts to one-third of the net moveable estate (generally speaking, all assets other than any house or land...
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Can an insurer refuse to provide internal correspondence and case notes relating to an insurance claim where a subject access request (SAR) is made under the UK GDPR for such information? This Q&A assumes that the organisation that has received the SAR is a ‘controller’ of the relevant data. For an introduction to the United Kingdom General Data Protection Regulation, Retained Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (UK GDPR) regime, including key data protection terms and concepts, such as ‘personal data’, 'processing', 'data subject' and ‘controller’, see: Data protection toolkit. As further explained in Practice Notes: The UK GDPR and DPA 2018 for insurers and Data subject rights—access, Article 15 of the UK GDPR gives individuals a right to obtain confirmation from a data controller as to whether or not personal data concerning them is being processed, and where it is, access to the personal data and certain further information. A request for such information is commonly known as a ‘subject access request’ (or a 'SAR' or 'DSAR'). In order to assist...
Where a settlement agreement provides for the employer to make a contribution to the employee’s legal costs, payable direct to the employee’s law firm, can the law firm bring proceedings against the employer if it fails to pay? For information on: • the legal requirements that must be met for a settlement agreement to be binding and valid to settle statutory employment claims, see Practice Note: Settlement agreements in employment—legal requirements • the practical issues that typically arise in relation to a settlement agreement, see Practice Note: Settlement agreements in employment—practical and tax issues Contribution to legal costs A settlement agreement will typically provide for the employer to make a contribution to the employee’s legal costs. For general information on payment of legal fees incurred by an employee in relation to a settlement agreement generally, see the section of Practice Note: Settlement agreements in employment—practical and tax issues entitled ‘Payment for legal advice’. For a sample clause in the settlement agreement dealing with payment of legal fees, see Clause 13.2...
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Commercial law analysis: Jules Toynton, senior associate and Isla Neil, data, privacy and cybersecurity lawyer of DLA Piper consider the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) response to Google’s decision to lift a prohibition on device fingerprinting and the ICO’s draft guidance on the use of storage and access technologies following its response.
Law360, London: A woman who moved from England to Ireland does not owe UK tax on £8m in dividends she received through shares transferred by her husband, the Court of Appeal ruled on 13 February 2025, finding she qualified for an exemption under the UK statutory residency test.
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