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What does document mean?

This word has a specific meaning within the cpr. Under CPR 31.4 it is defined as 'anything in which information of any description is stored'.

It therefore extends from paper documents through to electronically stored information such as emails, text messaging and video files

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Disclosure—technical glossary

This Practice Note should be read in conjunction with Practice Note: �پ��ǲ��ܰ��—i�Գٰ��ǻ�ܳ��پ��ǲ�, or Disclosure scheme—overview depending on which disclosure scheme is in operation in the court in which the claim is proceeding.TermDefinitionArtificial Intelligence (AI)an artificial means of replicating thought processes of the human brain which can result in either extractive (summarising) or generative (creating) AIback-up tapestapes which contain saved data. They are called 'back-up' because the information is copied onto the tapes and is available as a 'back-up'. Can also refer to any other method where data is regularly collected and stored separately for the purposes of risk management. See also incremental back-ups belowbit and byteelectronic data can be measured in bits, which refers to the space taken up. 8 bits = 1 byte. 1 byte is the equivalent of 1 character of text; 1024 bytes = 1 kilobyteChatGPTan example of an AI tool launched in 2022; other models are availableclusteringthis type of search automatically identifies similar documents and places them into groupsconcept searchesthis type of search uses algorithms to...

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This Practice Note provides an introduction to disclosure under the CPR setting out the CPR provisions governing the disclosure process (eg Part 31), the overriding principles of the disclosure process and how it is generally conducted and regulated. It considers the meaning under the CPR of a ‘document’, the timing of disclosure, including when disclosure should first be considered, the scope of the disclosure exercise, including an introduction to the concepts of standard disclosure, specific disclosure, enhanced disclosure (covering Peruvian Guano or train of enquiry documents) and the stages of the disclosure process. It also provides some practical tips on conducting a disclosure exercise. It does not provide detailed commentary on the disclosure scheme operating in the Business and Property Courts.This Practice Note provides guidance on the interpretation and application of the relevant provisions of the CPR. Depending on the court in which your matter is proceeding, you may also need to consider: Court specific guidance below.You should read this Practice Note in conjunction with:•Disclosure—overview•Inspection—overview•Privilege—overview•Practice Note: Disclosure—technical glossary•Practice Note: How...

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Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Schedule

The ScheduleIntellectual Property Rights 1 1.1 [ Copyright works Description of Copyright work Nature of work (eg literary, artistic, databases, etc) Date of creation of work (if already created) [Insert details] [Insert details] [Insert details]

Warranty limitations—pro-seller—share purchase agreement

Insert the following definitions as new definitions into clause 1 of Precedent: Share purchase agreement—pro-buyer—corporate seller—conditional—long form: 1 Definitions and interpretation Claim means a claim by the Buyer for any breach of the provisions of this Agreement (including a claim for breach of the Warranties); Data Room means the data room relating to the [Company OR Group] comprising all contracts, agreements, licences, documents and other information made available to the Buyer and its advisers, as listed in the Data Room index attached to the Disclosure Letter; The ScheduleLimitations on the Warranties ...

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Can an insurer refuse to provide internal correspondence and case notes relating to an insurance claim where a subject access request (SAR) is made under the UK GDPR for such information?

Can an insurer refuse to provide internal correspondence and case notes relating to an insurance claim where a subject access request (SAR) is made under the UK GDPR for such information? This Q&A assumes that the organisation that has received the SAR is a ‘controller’ of the relevant data. For an introduction to the United Kingdom General Data Protection Regulation, Retained Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (UK GDPR) regime, including key data protection terms and concepts, such as ‘personal data’, 'processing', 'data subject' and ‘controller’, see: Data protection toolkit. As further explained in Practice Notes: The UK GDPR and DPA 2018 for insurers and Data subject rights—access, Article 15 of the UK GDPR gives individuals a right to obtain confirmation from a data controller as to whether or not personal data concerning them is being processed, and where it is, access to the personal data and certain further information. A request for such information is commonly known as a ‘subject access request’ (or a 'SAR' or 'DSAR'). In order to assist...

What is motor vehicle or road traffic accident insurance?

What is motor vehicle or road traffic accident insurance? In the UK, motor insurance is a mandatory insurance policy for any vehicle owner or driver unless the vehicle is declared as off the road. There are heavy penalties, both civil and criminal, for uninsured drivers (who are caught). The mandatory insurance regime is intended to protect the general public (including pedestrians and other non-vehicle users) against personal injury and damage caused in a road traffic accident. Types of motor insurance policies The motor insurance market is split into three main types of insurance: third-party only; third-party fire and theft; and comprehensive policies: • third-party only policies provide the minimum level of cover required by the law, namely the Road Traffic Act 1988 (RTA 1988). RTA 1988 mandates that motor insurance must at the very least cover the risk of death, personal injury or property damage to third parties caused by the insured vehicle • third-party fire and theft provides third-party cover as described above but in addition...

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The role of acceptable use policies in AI

TMT analysis: As the deployment of AI systems becomes more widespread, acceptable use policies (AUPs) are emerging as a critical mechanism for ensuring compliance with regulatory frameworks like the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (EU AI Act). Barry Scannell and Leo Moore, partners at William Fry discuss why AUPs are required, the challenges posed by them, enforcement, the rile of governments and self-regulation, as well as emerging norms and policy proposals.

DESNZ publishes draft guidance for core fuel sector resilience measures breaches

The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) has concluded its consultation on proposed guidance for criminal and civil sanctions related to breaches of core fuel sector resilience measures. Following industry feedback, which was largely positive, DESNZ has published a draft guidance document. The consultation, which ran from May to July 2024, sought to ensure that the guidance adequately outlined the government's approach to enforcement actions in cases of non-compliance. The final draft incorporates additional information requested by industry stakeholders and maintains an escalatory approach to sanctions, emphasising that punitive measures are not intended as a first resort.

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